Skip to content

References ​

Inline References ​

The following sources are cited throughout the ADS-IDAC Input Manual and are particularly central to understanding the theoretical basis of the tool:

IDAC Model (Parts 1–5) — Chang and Mosleh (2007a–c) published the five-part IDAC series in Reliability Engineering & System Safety, covering the model overview (Part 1), performance influencing factors (Part 2), operator response model (Part 3), causal problem-solving model (Part 4), and dynamic probabilistic simulation (Part 5).

ADS-IDAC Implementation — Coyne and Mosleh (2008a, 2009) describe the application of a dynamic PRA approach for predicting operator errors and modeling operator knowledge and procedural adherence in ADS-IDAC.

Original ADS — Hsueh and Mosleh (1993, 1996) developed the Accident Dynamic Simulator (ADS), the thermal-hydraulic simulation framework on which ADS-IDAC is built, and demonstrated its application to dynamic probabilistic risk assessment.

IDA Cognitive Model — Smidts, Shen, and Mosleh (1997) introduced the IDA cognitive model for nuclear power plant operator response, a direct predecessor to the IDAC model incorporated in ADS-IDAC.

RELAP5/MOD3 — The U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission NUREG/CR-5535 (INEL-95/0174, 1995) documents the RELAP5/MOD3 thermal-hydraulic code used as the physics engine within ADS-IDAC simulations.


Bibliography ​

Dynamic PRA Methods ​

  • [11] N. Siu, "Technical Note — Dynamic Accident Sequence Analysis in PRA: A Comment on 'Human Reliability Analysis — Where Shouldst Thou Turn?'" Reliability Engineering and System Safety, vol. 29, pp. 359–364, 1990.
  • [45] A. Hakobyan, T. Aldemir, R. Denning, S. Dunagan, D. Kunsman, B. Rutt, and U. Catalyurek, "Dynamic generation of accident progression event trees," Nuclear Engineering and Design, vol. 238, pp. 3457–3467, 2008.
  • [46] E. Hofer, M. Kloos, B. Krzykacz-Hausmann, J. Peschke, and M. Sonnenkalb, "Dynamic Event Trees for Probabilistic Safety Analysis," in Eurosafe — 2002. Berlin: GRS, 2002.
  • [47] M. Kloos and J. Peschke, "Consideration of human actions in combination with the probabilistic dynamics method MCDET," presented at ESREL 2007, Stavanger, Norway, 2007.
  • [51] K. S. Hsueh and A. Mosleh, "The development and application of the accident dynamic simulator for dynamic probabilistic risk assessment of nuclear power plants," Reliability Engineering & System Safety, vol. 52, pp. 297–314, 1996.
  • [52] D. Zhu, Y. H. Chang, and A. Mosleh, "The Use of Distributed Computing for Dynamic PRA: The ADS Approach," presented at PSAM-9, Hong Kong, 2008.
  • [72] N. Siu, "Risk assessment for dynamic systems: An overview," Reliability Engineering and System Safety, vol. 43, pp. 43–73, 1994.

Human Reliability Analysis ​

  • [2] D. I. Gertman, B. P. Hallbert, M. W. Parrish, M. B. Sattision, D. Brownson, and J. P. Tortorelli, "Review of Findings for Human Error Contribution to Risk in Operating Events," U.S. NRC NUREG/CR-6753, 2001.
  • [7] NUREG, "PRA Procedures Guide," U.S. NRC NUREG/CR-2300, January 1983.
  • [9] A. D. Swain and H. E. Guttmann, "Handbook of Human Reliability Analysis With Emphasis on Nuclear Power Plant Applications," U.S. NRC NUREG/CR-1278, 1983.
  • [10] M. Cunningham, M. Barriere, D. Bley, et al., A Technical Basis and Implementation Guidelines for a Technique for Human Event Analysis (NUREG-1624). Washington, DC: U.S. NRC, 2000.
  • [35] A. Kolaczkowski, J. Forester, E. Lois, and S. Cooper, "Good Practices for Implementing Human Reliability Analysis," U.S. NRC NUREG-1792, 2005.
  • [85] J. Forester, A. Kolaczkowski, S. Cooper, D. Bley, and E. Lois, "ATHEANA User's Guide," U.S. NRC NUREG-1880, 2007.
  • [88] D. Gertman, H. Blackman, J. Marble, J. Byers, and C. Smith, "The SPAR-H Human Reliability Analysis Method," U.S. NRC NUREG/CR-6883, 2005.
  • [91] E. Lois, V. N. Dang, J. Forester, et al., "International HRA Empirical Study — Pilot Phase Report," OECD Halden Reactor Project HWR-844, 2008.
  • [92] E. Lois, V. N. Dang, G. Parry, et al., "The International HRA Empirical Study — Results from Comparing HRA Methods Predictions to HAMMLAB Simulator Data on SGTR Scenarios," OECD HRP HWR-915 (Draft), 2009.
  • [94] B. Hallbert and A. Kolaczkowski, "The Employment of Empirical Data and Bayesian Methods in Human Reliability Analysis: A Feasibility Study," U.S. NRC NUREG/CR-6949, 2007.
  • [95] B. Hallbert, R. Boring, D. Gertman, et al., "Human Event Repository and Analysis (HERA) System, Overview," U.S. NRC NUREG/CR-6903, 2006.
  • [100] V. N. Dang and A. Bye, "Evaluating HRA Methods in Light of Simulator Findings: Study Overview and Issues for an Empirical Test," presented at Enlarged Halden Programme Group Meeting, Storefjell, Norway, 2007.
  • [101] K. Coyne and A. Mosleh, "ADS-IDAC Analysis of Loss of Feedwater Accident Scenarios — OECD Halden Reactor Project International HRA Empirical Study," University of Maryland, Center for Risk and Reliability, August 30, 2008.

Cognitive Models ​

  • [13] G. Klein, "The Recognition-Primed Decision (RPD) Model: Looking Back, Looking Forward," in Naturalistic Decision Making. Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum, 1997, pp. 285–292.
  • [15] J. Rasmussen, "Models of Mental Strategies in Process Plant Diagnosis," presented at NATO Symposium on Human Detection and Diagnosis of System Failures, Roskilde, Denmark, 1980.
  • [19] R. E. Mayer, Thinking, Problem Solving, Cognition, 2nd ed. New York: W. H. Freeman and Company, 1992.
  • [20] Y. H. Chang and A. Mosleh, "Cognitive modeling and dynamic probabilistic simulation of operating crew response to complex system accidents — Part 2: IDAC performance influencing factors model," Reliability Engineering & System Safety, vol. 92, pp. 1014–1040, 2007.
  • [22] Y. H. Chang and A. Mosleh, "Cognitive modeling and dynamic probabilistic simulation of operating crew response to complex system accidents — Part 1: Overview of the IDAC Model," Reliability Engineering & System Safety, vol. 92, pp. 997–1013, 2007.
  • [23] C. Smidts, S. H. Shen, and A. Mosleh, "The IDA cognitive model for the analysis of nuclear power plant operator response under accident conditions. Part I: Problem solving and decision making model," Reliability Engineering & System Safety, vol. 55, pp. 51–71, 1997.
  • [24] A. Mosleh and Y. H. Chang, "Model-based human reliability analysis: prospects and requirements," Reliability Engineering and System Safety, vol. 83, pp. 241–253, 2004.
  • [48] A. Mosleh, C. Smidts, and S. H. Shen, "Modeling cognition dynamics and its application to human reliability analysis," Transactions of the American Nuclear Society, vol. 75, pp. 84–85, 1996.
  • [49] S. H. Shen, C. Smidts, and A. Mosleh, "Application of a Model Based Human Error Taxonomy to the Analysis of Reactor Operating Events," presented at Topical Meeting on Computer-Based Human Support Systems, Philadelphia, PA, 1995.
  • [50] S. H. Shen, C. Smidts, and A. Mosleh, "A methodology for collection and analysis of human error data based on a cognitive model: IDA," Nuclear Engineering and Design, vol. 172, pp. 157–186, 1997.
  • [96] Y. H. Chang and A. Mosleh, "Cognitive modeling and dynamic probabilistic simulation of operating crew response to complex system accidents Part 3: IDAC operator response model," Reliability Engineering and System Safety, vol. 92, pp. 1041–1060, 2007.
  • [97] K. Furuta, Y. Soraji, T. Kanno, et al., "Cognitive model of team cooperation in en-route air traffic control," presented at ESREL-2009, Prague, Czech Republic, 2009.

Full Bibliography ​

  1. R. Boring, "Third Generation Human Reliability Analysis: Benefits and Challenges of Simulating Human Performance," presented at Enlarged Halden Programme Group Meeting, Storefjell, Norway, 2007.
  2. D. I. Gertman, B. P. Hallbert, M. W. Parrish, M. B. Sattision, D. Brownson, and J. P. Tortorelli, "Review of Findings for Human Error Contribution to Risk in Operating Events," U.S. NRC NUREG/CR-6753, 2001.
  3. NUREG, "Three Mile Island — A Report to the Commissioners and to the Public," U.S. NRC NUREG/CR-1250, 1980.
  4. J. Reason, "Errors and Violations: the Lessons of Chernobyl," presented at IEEE Fourth Conference on Human Factors and Power Plants, Monterey, CA, 1988.
  5. J. V. Kauffman, "Engineering Evaluation — Operating Events With Inappropriate Bypass or Defeat of Engineered Safety Features," U.S. NRC, Office of Analysis and Evaluation of Operational Data AEOD/E95-01, 1995.
  6. NUREG, "Individual Plant Examination Program: Perspectives on Reactors Safety and Plant Performance," U.S. NRC NUREG-1560, 1997.
  7. NUREG, "PRA Procedures Guide," U.S. NRC NUREG/CR-2300, January 1983.
  8. E. Hollnagel, "Reliability analysis and operator modeling," Reliability Engineering and System Safety, vol. 52, pp. 327–337, 1996.
  9. A. D. Swain and H. E. Guttmann, "Handbook of Human Reliability Analysis With Emphasis on Nuclear Power Plant Applications," U.S. NRC NUREG/CR-1278, 1983.
  10. M. Cunningham, M. Barriere, D. Bley, S. Cooper, J. Forester, A. Kolaczkowski, W. Luckas, G. Parry, A. Ramey-Smith, C. Thompson, D. Whitehead, and J. Wreathall, A Technical Basis and Implementation Guidelines for a Technique for Human Event Analysis (NUREG-1624). Washington, DC: U.S. NRC, 2000.
  11. N. Siu, "Technical Note — Dynamic Accident Sequence Analysis in PRA: A Comment on 'Human Reliability Analysis — Where Shouldst Thou Turn?'" Reliability Engineering and System Safety, vol. 29, pp. 359–364, 1990.
  12. S. Grant, "Cognitive architecture for modelling human error in complex dynamic tasks," Travail Humain, vol. 60, pp. 363–385, 1997.
  13. G. Klein, "The Recognition-Primed Decision (RPD) Model: Looking Back, Looking Forward," in Naturalistic Decision Making, C. E. Zsambok and G. Klein, Eds. Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum, 1997, pp. 285–292.
  14. G. Klein and D. Klinger, "Naturalistic Decision Making," Human Systems IAC GATEWAY, vol. XI, pp. 16–19, 1991.
  15. J. Rasmussen, "Models of Mental Strategies in Process Plant Diagnosis," presented at NATO Symposium on Human Detection and Diagnosis of System Failures, Roskilde, Denmark, 1980.
  16. Y. H. Chang, K. Coyne, and A. Mosleh, "A Nuclear Plant Accident Diagnosis Method to Support Prediction of Errors of Commission," presented at NPIC & HMIT 2006, Albuquerque, NM, 2006.
  17. M. Lind, "The Use of Flow Models for Automated Plant Diagnosis," presented at NATO Symposium on Human Detection and Diagnosis of System Failures, Roskilde, Denmark, 1980.
  18. M. Lind, "Plant Modeling for Human Supervisory Control," Transactions of the Institute of Measurement and Control, vol. 21, pp. 171–180, 1999.
  19. R. E. Mayer, Thinking, Problem Solving, Cognition, 2nd ed. New York: W. H. Freeman and Company, 1992.
  20. Y. H. Chang and A. Mosleh, "Cognitive modeling and dynamic probabilistic simulation of operating crew response to complex system accidents — Part 2: IDAC performance influencing factors model," Reliability Engineering & System Safety, vol. 92, pp. 1014–1040, 2007.
  21. G. Sax, Principles of Educational and Psychological Measurement and Evaluation, 2nd ed. Belmont, CA: Wadsworth Publishing Company, 1980.
  22. Y. H. Chang and A. Mosleh, "Cognitive modeling and dynamic probabilistic simulation of operating crew response to complex system accidents — Part 1: Overview of the IDAC Model," Reliability Engineering & System Safety, vol. 92, pp. 997–1013, 2007.
  23. C. Smidts, S. H. Shen, and A. Mosleh, "The IDA cognitive model for the analysis of nuclear power plant operator response under accident conditions. Part I: Problem solving and decision making model," Reliability Engineering & System Safety, vol. 55, pp. 51–71, 1997.
  24. A. Mosleh and Y. H. Chang, "Model-based human reliability analysis: prospects and requirements," Reliability Engineering and System Safety, vol. 83, pp. 241–253, 2004.
  25. E. M. Roth, R. J. Mumaw, and P. M. Lewis, "An Empirical Investigation of Operator Performance in Cognitively Demanding Simulated Emergencies," U.S. NRC NUREG-CR-6208, 1994.
  26. D. O'Hare, "Cognitive Functions and Performance Shaping Factors in Aviation Accidents and Incidents," The International Journal of Aviation Psychology, vol. 16, pp. 145–156, 2006.
  27. D. O'Hare, M. Wiggins, and R. Batt, "Cognitive failure analysis for aircraft accident investigation," ERGONOMICS, vol. 37, pp. 1855–1869, 1994.
  28. R. T. Clemen and T. Reilly, Making Hard Decisions, 2nd ed. Pacific Grove, CA: Duxbury Thomson Learning, 2001.
  29. H. Mintzberg, D. Raisinghani, and A. Théoret, "The Structure of 'Unstructured' Decision Processes," Administrative Science Quarterly, vol. 21, pp. 246, 1976.
  30. J. Reason, Human Error. New York: Cambridge University Press, 1990.
  31. D. I. Gertman and H. S. Blackman, Human Reliability & Safety Analysis Data Handbook. New York: John Wiley & Sons, 1994.
  32. J. Rasmussen, "Human Errors: A Taxonomy for Describing Human Malfunction in Industrial Installations," Journal of Occupational Accidents, vol. 4, pp. 311–333, 1982.
  33. J. Rasmussen, "Human Factors in High Risk Systems," presented at IEEE Fourth Conference on Human Factors and Power Plants, Monterey, CA, 1988.
  34. E. Hollnagel, "Looking for errors of omission and commission or The Hunting of the Snark revisited," Reliability Engineering and System Safety, vol. 68, pp. 135–145, 2000.
  35. A. Kolaczkowski, J. Forester, E. Lois, and S. Cooper, "Good Practices for Implementing Human Reliability Analysis," U.S. NRC NUREG-1792, 2005.
  36. D. A. Norman, The Design of Everyday Things, Reprint ed. New York: Basic Books, 2002.
  37. C. Smidts, S.-H. Shen, and A. Mosleh, "A Taxonomy And Root-Cause Analysis Of Human Cognitive Behavior Based On A Cognitive Model," presented at Annual Reliability and Maintainability Symposium, 1995.
  38. A. Singh and A. J. Spurgin, "Plant Simulators Used to Measure Operator Crew Reliability," presented at International Symposium on Balancing Automation and Human Action in Nuclear Power Plants, Munich, Germany, 1990.
  39. E. M. Roth, D. D. Woods, and H. E. Pople, Jr., "Cognitive simulation as a tool for cognitive task analysis," ERGONOMICS, vol. 35, pp. 1163–1198, 1992.
  40. P. C. Cacciabue, "Cognitive modeling: a fundamental issue for human reliability assessment methodology?" Reliability Engineering & System Safety, vol. 38, pp. 91–97, 1992.
  41. F. Decortis, "Operator strategies in a dynamic environment in relation to an operator model," ERGONOMICS, vol. 36, pp. 1291–1304, 1993.
  42. M. D. Byrne and A. Kirlik, "Using Computational Cognitive Modeling to Diagnose Possible Sources of Aviation Error," The International Journal of Aviation Psychology, vol. 15, pp. 135–155, 2005.
  43. N. A. Taatgen, C. Lebiere, and J. R. Anderson, "Modeling Paradigms in ACT-R," in Cognition and Multi-Agent Interaction, R. Sun, Ed. Cambridge University Press, 2006, pp. 29–52.
  44. E. M. Altmann and J. G. Trafton, "Memory for goals: An activation-based model," Cognitive Science, vol. 26, pp. 39–83, 2002.
  45. A. Hakobyan, T. Aldemir, R. Denning, S. Dunagan, D. Kunsman, B. Rutt, and U. Catalyurek, "Dynamic generation of accident progression event trees," Nuclear Engineering and Design, vol. 238, pp. 3457–3467, 2008.
  46. E. Hofer, M. Kloos, B. Krzykacz-Hausmann, J. Peschke, and M. Sonnenkalb, "Dynamic Event Trees for Probabilistic Safety Analysis," in Eurosafe — 2002. Berlin: GRS, 2002.
  47. M. Kloos and J. Peschke, "Consideration of human actions in combination with the probabilistic dynamics method MCDET," presented at ESREL 2007, Stavanger, Norway, 2007.
  48. A. Mosleh, C. Smidts, and S. H. Shen, "Modeling cognition dynamics and its application to human reliability analysis," Transactions of the American Nuclear Society, vol. 75, pp. 84–85, 1996.
  49. S. H. Shen, C. Smidts, and A. Mosleh, "Application of a Model Based Human Error Taxonomy to the Analysis of Reactor Operating Events," presented at Topical Meeting on Computer-Based Human Support Systems, Philadelphia, PA, 1995.
  50. S. H. Shen, C. Smidts, and A. Mosleh, "A methodology for collection and analysis of human error data based on a cognitive model: IDA," Nuclear Engineering and Design, vol. 172, pp. 157–186, 1997.
  51. K. S. Hsueh and A. Mosleh, "The development and application of the accident dynamic simulator for dynamic probabilistic risk assessment of nuclear power plants," Reliability Engineering & System Safety, vol. 52, pp. 297–314, 1996.
  52. D. Zhu, Y. H. Chang, and A. Mosleh, "The Use of Distributed Computing for Dynamic PRA: The ADS Approach," presented at PSAM-9, Hong Kong, 2008.
  53. J. A. Swets, W. P. Tanner, and T. G. Birdsall, "Decision Processes in Perception," Psychological Review, vol. 68, pp. 301–340, 1961.
  54. I. Erev, "Signal Detection by Human Observers: A Cutoff Reinforcement Learning Model of Categorization Decisions Under Uncertainty," Psychological Review, vol. 105, pp. 280–298, 1998.
  55. R. Barkan, D. Zohar, and I. Erev, "Accidents and Decision Making under Uncertainty: A Comparison of Four Models," Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes, vol. 74, pp. 118–144, 1998.
  56. K. J. Vicente, R. J. Mumaw, and E. M. Roth, "Operator monitoring in a complex dynamic work environment: a qualitative cognitive model based on field observations," Theoretical Issues in Ergonomics Science, vol. 5, pp. 359–384, 2004.
  57. R. Hastie and R. Dawes, Rational Choice in an Uncertain World — The Psychology of Judgment and Decision Making. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage Publications, 2001.
  58. G. Gigerenzer, U. Hoffrage, and H. Kleinbölting, "Probabilistic Mental Models: A Brunswikian Theory of Confidence," Psychological Review, vol. 98, pp. 506–528, 1991.
  59. P. Juslin, H. Olsson, and M. Bjorkman, "Brunswikian and Thurstonian Origins of Bias in Probability Assessment," Journal of Behavioral Decision Making, vol. 10, pp. 189–209, 1997.
  60. A. Tversky and D. Kahneman, "Judgment Under Uncertainty: Heuristics and Biases," Science, vol. 185, pp. 1124–1131, 1974.
  61. G. Gigerenzer, "I Think, Therefore I Err," Social Research, vol. 72, pp. 195–218, 2005.
  62. G. Gigerenzer and P. Todd, Simple Heuristics That Make Us Smart. New York: Oxford University Press, 1999.
  63. D. Kahneman and A. Tversky, "The Simulation Heuristic," in Judgment under uncertainty: Heuristics and Biases, D. Kahneman, P. Slovic, and A. Tversky, Eds. New York: Cambridge University Press, 1982.
  64. G. Gigerenzer, "On Narrow Norms and Vague Heuristics: A Reply to Kahneman and Tversky (1996)," Psychological Review, vol. 103, pp. 592–596, 1996.
  65. A. Tversky and D. Kahneman, "Extensional Versus Intuitive Reasoning: The Conjunction Fallacy in Probability Judgment," Psychological Review, vol. 90, pp. 293–315, 1983.
  66. T. Wallsten, "The Theoretical Status of Judgment Heuristics," in Decision Making Under Uncertainty, R. W. Scholz, Ed. Amsterdam: North Holland, 1983, pp. 21–37.
  67. R. Lipshitz, G. Klein, J. Oransanu, and E. Salas, "Focus Article: Taking Stock of Naturalistic Decision Making," Journal of Behavioral Decision Making, vol. 14, pp. 331–352, 2001.
  68. C. E. Zsambok, "Naturalistic Decision Making: Where Are We Now?" in Naturalistic Decision Making, C. E. Zsambok and G. Klein, Eds. Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum, 1997, pp. 3–16.
  69. R. Lipshitz, "Naturalistic Decision Making Perspectives on Decision Errors," in Naturalistic Decision Making, C. E. Zsambok and G. Klein, Eds. Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum, 1997, pp. 151–160.
  70. B. M. Perrin, B. J. Barnett, L. Walrath, and J. D. Grossman, "Information Order and Outcome Framing: An Assessment of Judgment Bias in a Naturalistic Decision Making Context," Human Factors, vol. 43, pp. 227–238, 2001.
  71. D. A. Wiegmann, J. Goh, and D. O'Hare, "The Role of Situational Assessment and Flight Experience in Pilots' Decisions to Continue Visual Flight Rules into Adverse Weather," Human Factors, vol. 44, pp. 189–197, 2002.
  72. "RELAP5/MOD3 CODE MANUAL," U.S. NRC NUREG/CR-5535 (INEL-95/0174), 1995.
  73. N. Siu, "Risk assessment for dynamic systems: An overview," Reliability Engineering and System Safety, vol. 43, pp. 43–73, 1994.
  74. R. J. Mumaw, I. E. Schoenfeld, and J. J. Persensky, "Training Cognitive Skills for Severe Accident Management," pp. 374–380, 1993.
  75. R. J. Mumaw, E. M. Roth, K. J. Vicente, and C. M. Burns, "There Is More to Monitoring a Nuclear Power Plant than Meets the Eye," Human Factors, vol. 42, pp. 36–55, 2000.
  76. W. Frid, M. Knochenhauer, and M. Bednarski, "Development of a Bayesian belief network for a boiling water reactor during fault conditions," Computer Assisted Mechanics and Engineering Sciences, vol. 12, pp. 133–145, 2005.
  77. C. Kang and M. Golay, "A Bayesian belief network-based advisory system for operational availability focused diagnosis of complex nuclear power systems," Expert Systems with Applications, vol. 17, pp. 21–32, 1999.
  78. M. Zavisca, H. Kahlert, and M. Khatib-Rahbar, "A Bayesian Network Approach to Accident Management and Estimation of Source Terms for Emergency Planning," presented at PSAM7/ESREL'04, Berlin, Germany, 2004.
  79. M. R. Lee, "Expert System for Nuclear Plant Accident Diagnosis Using a Fuzzy Inference Method," Expert Systems, vol. 19, pp. 201–207, 2002.
  80. Y. Maruyama and R. Takahashi, "Practical expression for exception and its utilization to leakage identification of power plant," Fuzzy Sets and Systems, vol. 34, pp. 1–13, 1990.
  81. M. Shahinpoor and D. J. Wells, "Applications and possibilities for fuzzy failure analysis and diagnosis of reactor plant components and areas," Nuclear Engineering and Design, vol. 61, pp. 93–100, 1980.
  82. "Intentional Bypassing of Automatic Actuation of Plant Protective Features," U.S. NRC Information Notice 92-47, 1992.
  83. "Reduction in Reactor Coolant System Pressure Due to a Failure of a Pressurizer Spray Valve and Associated Position Indication Results in Actuation of Reactor Protection System and Engineered Safeguards," U.S. NRC Docket #50-302, Licensee Event Report 91-018-00 (ADAMS Accession No. ML9201130206), 1992.
  84. "Trip Report: Onsite Analysis of the Human Factors of an Event at Crystal River Unit 3 December 8, 1991," U.S. NRC EGG-HFRU-10085 (ADAMS Accession No. ML9202060214), 1992.
  85. J. Forester, A. Kolaczkowski, S. Cooper, D. Bley, and E. Lois, "ATHEANA User's Guide," U.S. NRC NUREG-1880, 2007.
  86. "ANS 3.2/ANSI N18.7," Administrative Controls and Quality Assurance for the Operational Phase of Nuclear Power Plants, 1976.
  87. J. Park and W. Jung, "The operators' non-compliance behavior to conduct emergency operating procedures — comparing with the work experience and the complexity of procedural steps," Reliability Engineering and System Safety, vol. 82, pp. 115–131, 2003.
  88. D. Gertman, H. Blackman, J. Marble, J. Byers, and C. Smith, "The SPAR-H Human Reliability Analysis Method," U.S. NRC NUREG/CR-6883, 2005.
  89. "Task Action Plan item I.D.2 — Safety Parameter Display System," U.S. NRC Generic Letter 89-06, 1989.
  90. H. Pesme, P. Le Bot, and P. Meyer, "Little Stories to Explain Human Reliability Assessment: a practical approach of the MERMOS method," presented at Joint 8th Human Factors and Power Plants (HFPP) and Human Performance/Root Cause/Trending (HPRCT) 13th Annual Meeting, Monterey, CA, 2007.
  91. E. Lois, V. N. Dang, J. Forester, H. Broberg, S. Massaiu, M. Hildebrandt, P. Braarud, G. Parry, J. Julius, R. Boring, I. Männistö, and A. Bye, "International HRA Empirical Study — Pilot Phase Report Description of Overall Approach and First Pilot Results from Comparing HRA Methods to Simulator Data," OECD Halden Reactor Project HWR-844, 2008.
  92. E. Lois, V. N. Dang, G. Parry, J. Forester, S. Massaiu, R. Boring, P. Braarud, H. Broberg, J. Julius, I. Männistö, and A. Bye, "The International HRA Empirical Study — Results from Comparing HRA Methods Predictions to HAMMLAB Simulator Data on SGTR Scenarios," OECD HRP HWR-915 (Draft Report), 2009.
  93. D. R. Krathwhol, Methods of Educational and Social Science Research. White Plains, NY: Longman, 1993.
  94. B. Hallbert and A. Kolaczkowski, "The Employment of Empirical Data and Bayesian Methods in Human Reliability Analysis: A Feasibility Study," U.S. NRC NUREG/CR-6949, 2007.
  95. B. Hallbert, R. Boring, D. Gertman, D. Dudenhoeffer, A. Whaley, J. Marble, J. Joe, and E. Lois, "Human Event Repository and Analysis (HERA) System, Overview," U.S. NRC NUREG/CR-6903, 2006.
  96. Y. H. Chang and A. Mosleh, "Cognitive modeling and dynamic probabilistic simulation of operating crew response to complex system accidents Part 3: IDAC operator response model," Reliability Engineering and System Safety, vol. 92, pp. 1041–1060, 2007.
  97. K. Furuta, Y. Soraji, T. Kanno, H. Aoyama, S. Inoue, D. Karikawa, and M. Takahashi, "Cognitive model of team cooperation in en-route air traffic control," presented at ESREL-2009, Prague, Czech Republic, 2009.
  98. S. Burton, C. Phillips, P. Snyder, and R. Ng, "Indiana Michigan Power Company; Inspection Procedure 95002," U.S. NRC Inspection Report No. 05000316-04-004, 2004.
  99. L. Jaffe, W. M. J. Bland, R. English, R. M. Eytchison, D. Reilly, W. Stratton, and J. L. Tew, "The President's Commission on the Accident at Three Mile Island: Reports of the Technical Assessment Task Force — Summary Sequence of Events," President's Commission on the Accident at Three Miles Island, Washington, D.C., October 1979.
  100. V. N. Dang and A. Bye, "Evaluating HRA Methods in Light of Simulator Findings: Study Overview and Issues for an Empirical Test," presented at Enlarged Halden Programme Group Meeting, Storefjell, Norway, 2007.
  101. K. Coyne and A. Mosleh, "ADS-IDAC Analysis of Loss of Feedwater Accident Scenarios — OECD Halden Reactor Project International HRA Empirical Study," University of Maryland, Center for Risk and Reliability, August 30, 2008.

RELAP5 Documentation ​

  • [72] "RELAP5/MOD3 CODE MANUAL," U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission NUREG/CR-5535 (INEL-95/0174), 1995.

NRC Reports ​

  • [2] NUREG/CR-6753 — Human error contribution to risk in operating events.
  • [3] NUREG/CR-1250 — Three Mile Island report to commissioners.
  • [7] NUREG/CR-2300 — PRA Procedures Guide.
  • [9] NUREG/CR-1278 — Handbook of Human Reliability Analysis (THERP).
  • [10] NUREG-1624 — ATHEANA technical basis.
  • [25] NUREG-CR-6208 — Operator performance in cognitively demanding emergencies.
  • [35] NUREG-1792 — Good practices for implementing HRA.
  • [85] NUREG-1880 — ATHEANA User's Guide.
  • [88] NUREG/CR-6883 — SPAR-H HRA Method.
  • [89] Generic Letter 89-06 — Safety Parameter Display System.
  • [94] NUREG/CR-6949 — Bayesian methods in HRA feasibility study.
  • [95] NUREG/CR-6903 — HERA System Overview.

ADS-IDAC Engine Documentation